Elected governor of New York on a reform platform in 1898, Roosevelt had his eye on the presidency. Yet domestic issues would play only a minor role in the McKinley presidency. Within two years, the future first lady witnessed the deaths of her mother and two daughters. [161] McKinley came to office as a supporter of annexation, and lobbied Congress to act, warning that to do nothing would invite a royalist counter-revolution or a Japanese takeover. Based on past results, Democrats thought the new boundaries should produce a Democratic majority of 2,000 to 3,000. With his eloquence and youthful energy his major assets in the race, Bryan decided on a whistle-stop political tour by train on an unprecedented scale. These officials included Cortelyou, who served in three Cabinet positions under Roosevelt, and Dawes, who became vice president under Coolidge. [77], President Harrison had proven unpopular; there were divisions even within the Republican party as the year 1892 began and Harrison began his re-election drive. [9], When the Southern states seceded from the Union and the American Civil War began, thousands of men in Ohio volunteered for service. [15] McKinley initially thought Scammon was a martinet, but when the regiment entered battle, he came to appreciate the value of their relentless drilling. [170] He was successful, and a new treaty was drafted and approved, but not before McKinley's assassination in 1901. In fact, Walker had deceived McKinley, telling him that new notes were actually renewals of matured ones. As the only big-city surgeon on the case, he was eagerly questioned and quoted, and his rosy prognostications largely contributed to the delusion of the American public. [46] Their first child, Katherine, was born on Christmas Day 1871. [c] With the Republicans in the minority, McKinley was given unimportant committee assignments, which he undertook conscientiously. [155], McKinley proposed to open negotiations with Spain on the basis of Cuban liberation and Puerto Rican annexation, with the final status of the Philippines subject to further discussion. William loved reading and debating. How many siblings did Frederick Douglass have? And that spot of earth is where labor wins its highest rewards. Protection is but the law of nature, the law of self-preservation, of self-development, of securing the highest and best destiny of the race of man. Hanna urged McKinley to match Bryan's tour with one of his own; the candidate declined on the grounds that the Democrat was a better stump speaker: "I might just as well set up a trapeze on my front lawn and compete with some professional athlete as go out speaking against Bryan. He had managed to get close to the presidential podium, but did not fire, uncertain of hitting his target. How many siblings did Sir Francis Drake have? The war had exposed the difficulty of maintaining a two-ocean navy when the Navy had to sail all the way around South America to reach the Pacific. William McKinley Jr. was born in 1843 in Niles, Ohio, the seventh of nine children of William McKinley Sr. and Nancy (ne Allison) McKinley. In his tour of the South, McKinley did not mention the racial tensions or violence. His mother, Nancy Allison McKinley, served as a village leader. [11] The men left for Columbus where they were consolidated with other small units to form the 23rd Ohio Infantry. In biased reporting and through the sharp cartoons of Homer Davenport, Hanna was viciously characterized as a plutocrat, trampling on labor. He loved baseball, and he was a good second baseman and a power hitter. Among the possible candidates spoken of were McKinley, Reed, and the aging Blaine. Traveling mostly by rail, the McKinleys were to travel through the South to the Southwest, and then up the Pacific coast and east again, to conclude with a visit on June 13, 1901, to the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. [45] When McKinley ran for re-election in 1871, the Democrats nominated William A. Lynch, a prominent local lawyer, and McKinley was defeated by 143 votes. How many siblings does George W. Bush have? [219], There was a widespread expectation that Ida McKinley would not long survive her husband; one family friend stated, as William McKinley lay dying, that they should be prepared for a double funeral. [39] Carroll and Hancock encouraged McKinley to apply for a place in the peacetime army, but he declined and returned to Ohio the following month. The final 1:08 of this sound file (starting at 5:40) contains an excerpt from one of his 1896 campaign speeches. How many siblings did John Wilkes Booth have? Even those who disagree with his policies and decisions see him as an active, responsible, informed participant in charge of decision making. Best Known For: William . How many siblings did John Quincy Adams have? [61] Hanna came to admire McKinley and became a friend and close adviser to him. [112], The 1896 presidential election was a realigning election, in which McKinley's view of a stronger central government building American industry through protective tariffs and a dollar based on gold triumphed. Both William and Ida McKinley placed their property in the hands of the fund's trustees (who included Hanna and Kohlsaat), and the supporters raised and contributed a substantial sum of money. William McKinley. The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a United States territory. [135] As pressure for war mounted in Congress, McKinley continued to negotiate for Cuban independence. "[119], Maine Representative Nelson Dingley Jr. was McKinley's choice for Secretary of the Treasury; he declined it, preferring to remain as chairman of the Ways and Means Committee. How many siblings did Alexander the Great have? How many siblings did Ernest Rutherford have? Having worked as a school teacher before the war, he decided to study law once the war was over. [19] McKinley spent the winter substituting for a commissary sergeant who was ill, and in April 1862 he was promoted to that rank. [201], Although McKinley enjoyed meeting the public, Cortelyou was concerned with his security because of recent assassinations by anarchists in Europe, such as the assassination of King Umberto I of Italy the previous year. [176], In the wake of McKinley's election in 1896, black people were hopeful of progress towards equality. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Waksmundski, John. "[116], McKinley was sworn in as president on March 4, 1897, as his wife and mother looked on. How many siblings did William Henry Harrison have? [52] McKinley's friendship with Hayes did McKinley little good on Capitol Hill, as the president was not well regarded by many leaders there. How many siblings did Rutherford B. Hayes have? How many brothers did George Washington have? By the end of September, the Republicans had discontinued printing material on the silver issue, and were entirely concentrating on the tariff question. [167] After the rebellion ended, the United States reaffirmed its commitment to the Open Door policy, which became the basis of American policy toward China.[168]. Cortelyou, who served in three Cabinet positions under Theodore Roosevelt, became a combination press secretary and chief of staff to McKinley. [80] The total owed was over $100,000 (equivalent to $3million in 2021) and a despairing McKinley initially proposed to resign as governor and earn the money as an attorney. [136] Spain refused McKinley's proposals, and on April 11, McKinley turned the matter over to Congress. [213], At 2:15a.m. on September 14, 1901, McKinley died. [26] When they arrived in Columbus, Governor David Tod surprised McKinley with a commission as second lieutenant in recognition of his service at Antietam. McKinley introduced and supported bills that raised protective tariffs, and opposed those that lowered them or imposed tariffs simply to raise revenue. [90] Former president Harrison had been deemed a possible contender if he entered the race; when Harrison made it known he would not seek a third nomination, the McKinley organization took control of Indiana with a speed Harrison privately found unseemly. Birthplace: Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. [46] Ida McKinley developed epilepsy around the same time and depended strongly on her husband's presence. [172] News of a possible departure from the gold standard stirred up immediate opposition from its partisans, and misgivings by the Indian administration led Britain to reject the proposal. How many siblings does Jimmy Carter have? Labinski, Nicholas Winter. [48] Lynch, McKinley's opponent in the 1871 election, and his partner, William R. Day, were the opposing counsel, and the mine owners included Mark Hanna, a Cleveland businessman. The seventh of nine children, William's siblings included David Allison McKinley (1829-1892), Anna McKinley (1832-1890), James Rose McKinley (1833-1889), Mary McKinley May (1835-1868), Helen Minerva McKinley (1838-1924), Sarah McKinley Duncan (1840-1931), Abigail Celia McKinley (1845-1846), and Abner McKinley (1847-1904). The primary purposes of such imposts was not to raise revenue, but to allow American manufacturing to develop by giving it a price advantage in the domestic market over foreign competitors. [187] McKinley remained uncommitted in public, but Hanna was firmly opposed to the New York governor. Then, six days after the appearance of the Dupuy de Lme letter, the American battleship USS Maine suddenly exploded and sank as it sat anchored in Havana harbour, carrying 266 enlisted men and officers to their deaths. "[221] She was thought too weak to attend the services in Washington or Canton, although she listened at the door to the service for her husband in her house on North Market Street. Overview For a long time, William McKinley was considered a mediocre President, a chief executive who was controlled by his political cronies and who was pressured into war with Spain by the press. Other McKinley appointees who later became major figures include Day, whom Roosevelt elevated to the Supreme Court where he remained nearly 20 years, and William Howard Taft, whom McKinley had made Governor-General of the Philippines and who succeeded Roosevelt as president. Hancock. Recent historiography emphasizes the humanitarian motivations for the initial war decision. [55] McKinley voted for the BlandAllison Act of 1878, which mandated large government purchases of silver for striking into money, and also joined the large majorities in each house that overrode Hayes's veto of the legislation. "[89], The bosses still hoped to deny McKinley a first-ballot majority at the convention by boosting support for local favorite son candidates such as Quay, New York Governor (and former vice president) Levi P. Morton, and Illinois Senator Shelby Cullom. [202] On September 5, McKinley delivered his address at the fairgrounds before a crowd of 50,000. [4], The younger William also followed in the Methodist tradition, becoming active in the local Methodist church at the age of sixteen. (State legislators still elected US Senators. He married Mary Siplin Beatty in 1770, in Abbeville, Abbeville, South Carolina, United States. Birth State: Ohio. [167] The westerners were rescued the next month, but several Congressional Democrats objected to McKinley dispatching troops without consulting the legislature. [14], After a month of training, McKinley and the 23rd Ohio, now led by Colonel Eliakim P. Scammon, set out for western Virginia (today part of West Virginia) in July 1861 as a part of the Kanawha Division. How many siblings did Eleanor Roosevelt have? [158] McKinley had difficulty convincing the Senate to approve the treaty by the requisite two-thirds vote, but his lobbying, and that of Vice President Hobart, eventually saw success, as the Senate voted in favor on February 6, 1899, 57 to 27. William McKinley was the seventh of eight children born to William McKinley Sr. and his wife Nancy. [95][96][97], The bad economic times had continued, and strengthened the hand of forces for free silver. In the final days before the convention, McKinley decided, after hearing from politicians and businessmen, that the platform should endorse the gold standard, though it should allow for bimetallism through coordination with other nations. [63], Recognizing McKinley's potential, the Democrats, whenever they controlled the Ohio legislature, sought to gerrymander or redistrict him out of office. [24][b] McKinley's regiment suffered many casualties, but the Army of the Potomac was victorious and the Confederates retreated into Virginia. Twenty Ohio schools bear McKinley's name,[223] and several more schools in the United States are named McKinley School. [36] Finally assigned to Carroll's staff again, McKinley acted as the general's first and only adjutant. How many siblings did James Weldon Johnson have? [12] McKinley quickly took to the soldier's life: he wrote a series of letters to his hometown newspaper extolling the army and the Union cause. After the war, he settled in Canton, Ohio, where he practiced law and married Ida Saxton. McKinley was the son of William McKinley, a manager of a . [25], While the regiment went into winter quarters near Charleston, Virginia (present-day West Virginia), McKinley was ordered back to Ohio with some other sergeants to recruit fresh troops. [32] By August, Early was retreating south in the valley, with Sheridan's army in pursuit. [129] The United States and Spain began negotiations on the subject in 1897, but it became clear that Spain would never concede Cuban independence, while the rebels (and their American supporters) would never settle for anything less. [166] Americans and other westerners in Peking were besieged and, in cooperation with other western powers, McKinley ordered 5000 troops to the city in June 1900 in the China Relief Expedition. [206] McKinley was taken to the exposition aid station, where the doctor was unable to locate the second bullet. The former governor, who remained in Canton, followed events at the convention closely by telephone, and was able to hear part of Foraker's speech nominating him over the line. Let me give you a maxim that is a thousand times better than that, and it is the protection maxim: "Buy where you can pay the easiest." The new republic, dominated by business interests, had overthrown the Queen in 1893 when she rejected a limited role for herself. [118] Nevertheless, McKinley sent his cousin, William McKinley Osborne, to have dinner with the 73-year-old senator; he reported back that Sherman seemed as lucid as ever. He pointed to McKinley's success at building an electoral coalition that kept the Republicans mostly in power for a generation. 7816908). William R. Day agreed to serve as secretary until the war's end. [227] However, the young, enthusiastic Roosevelt quickly captured public attention after his predecessor's death. How many kids did Theodore Roosevelt have? In so doing, McKinley voted against the position of the House Republican leader, James Garfield, a fellow Ohioan and his friend. "A Transitional Moment: William McKinley's Foreign Policy Rhetoric and America's Outward Turn" (University of Kansas;ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2017.
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