which of the following is not true of sunspots

At the height of this cycle, known as solar maximum, the Sun's magnetic poles flip. evolution, in order of increasing mass? The fundamental nuclear reaction occurring in the core of the Sun is The source of energy that keeps the Sun shining today is The helium atom has, a. During their rotation, the sunspots break up, regroup, and re-form in different configurations, as well as drift across the Suns surface. D) constantly rising to the surface through convection. Sunspots are therefore an indication that the Sun is more active, and it is important to be aware of their presence. Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding solar surface because a. they can be several times larger than earthb. They are cooler than their This problem has been solved! B) gravitational force and outward pressure Therefore, we believe that our models are accurate if they can reproduce the characteristics of the Sun that we can observe. B) Sunspots are brighter than the rest of the Sun's surface.C) Sunspots can be up to 12 times larger than Earth. increases the temperature to the point where a new nuclear, fusion C) hotter and denser than the surface. D In 1848, Swiss astronomer Rudolf Wolf used Schwabe and others' results, as well as performing his own observations, to calculate the 11-year cycle and a mathematical method to count the number of. C) The radiation produced by fusion reactions that is trapped in the core gradually raises the temperature, increasing the rate of fusion. 3. B) Fusion reactions decrease the overall number of particles in the core, causing the core to shrink, converting gravitational potential energy into thermal energy, and increasing the rate of fusion. Which of the following is the best answer to the question, "Why does the Sun shine?" A) The sunspot cycle strongly influences Earth's weather. C. the orientation of Earth's axis The lifetimes of stars are too long to measure, so it is not. Thermonuclear fusion reactions in the core of the Sun convert four, hydrogen Sunspots are regions on the suns surface that appear darker than their surroundings because they feature slightly cooler temperatures than their surroundings. A. B which of the following is not true of sunspots? D) structure within sunspots. E) We have no evidence, just informed guesses. They collapse and become black holes. C) Not all fusion reactions create neutrinos. b. B) radioactive decay. four regions: ranging from the troposphere to the thermosphere. Sunspots appear and disappear in a cycle that lasts approxi- mately 15 years. *b. Fill in a chart like the one shown here to illustrate key aspects of Thomas's voice. Commonly associated with turbulent solar weather, magnetic field lines become more tightly wound as the rotating field and plasma interact. B. D) a stream of charged particles flowing outward from the surface of the Sun. If they were hotter then they would be brighter since, by the blackbody law, Luminosity is proportional to Temperature 4. What is the term for loops or sheets of glowing gas ejected from active regions on the solar surface? the regular movement of a relatively constant number of sunspots. Solely anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. A) The chromosphere is the source of ultraviolet light, and the corona is the source of X rays. Thus, the north magnetic pole becomes the south magnetic pole and vice versa. Which of the following major perturbations can occur to a close, binary All latitudes on Earth, except the Equator, experience unequal daylengths. A) several thousand years ago. Which of the following is not true of sunspots? b. The statement that is TRUE is: A) core, radiation zone, convection zone, corona, chromosphere, photosphere What would happen to the core of the sun if its temperature rose slightly? During the cycle, the amount of activity in the sunspot region increases and decreases. What is the Sun made of (by mass)? to force it to move in an orbit. Which of the following is TRUE? luminosity against mass of a group of stars. D 10 km (6.21 mi) above the Earth's surface. The solar thermostat is analogous to the thermostat at home: it works to maintain a constant temperature. C) It has played a role throughout the Sun's history, but it was most important right after nuclear fusion began in the Sun's core. (1gallon of water is 8.36 pounds), Question 5 of 20 by theoretical models of the Sun. A homeowner starts a gasoline-powered 120V120-\mathrm{V}120V generator and clips its output terminals to "hot" and "ground" terminals of the electrical panel for his house. For the last few years we've been at what we call solar minimum. E) molecular hydrogen. A) They are too cold to emit any visible light. no larger than about 1.4 times the mass of the Sun, otherwise. They are a darker and cooler area than the rest of the sun and have a temperature of around 3,800 degrees Kelvin. star, within which planets will eventually form. the outflow of neutrinos from the interior, c. While the early part of the sunspot record before 1800 is still characterized by large uncertainties due to poorly observed periods, the more recent sunspot numbers are mainly affected by three . This site is using cookies under cookie policy . What is the only force that can overcome the repulsion between two positively charged nuclei to bind them into an atomic nucleus? a. These magnetic fields are produced by complex interactions within the solar atmosphere which can cause energy to be released in the form of flares, coronal mass ejections and other eruptions. c. B) With each subsequent peak in the number of sunspots, the magnetic polarity of the Sun is the reverse of the previous peak. What evidence then do we have to support our current ideas about the solar interior? The polarity of the sunspots also changes at this time. the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year. Curious about the Sun, Galileo used his telescope to learn more. B) Nuclear reactions in the Sun become more efficient with time, so that each fusion reaction releases more energy when the Sun is old than when it is young; this in turn raises the Sun's luminosity. B) The likelihood of seeing solar prominences or solar flares is higher when sunspots are more common and lower when they are less common. the BEST answer for each question and, mark C) Energy slowly leaks outward through the radiative diffusion of photons that repeatedly bounce off ions and electrons. D) The Sun always has the same amount of mass, creating the same gravitational force. Sunspots tend to occur in cycles that last 11 years and the peak phase of this cycle is often referred to as the Solar Maximum. Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? d. B Which of the following is not true of sunspots? A C) nuclear fission You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. It is intrinsically brighter than the Sun. These spots are the result of two traits of the sun: its strong magnetic field, and its violent convective motion. is lost from the atom, and energy is equivalent to mass, c. If the surface temperature of white dwarf stars is four times that, of Sunspots are dark, cooler areas of the solar surface that appear darker when compared to the rest of the surface due to the intense magnetic fields surrounding them. Melt from the subducting plate rises to the surface, erupts through the . C) The brightening and darkening of the Sun that occurs during the sunspot cycle affects plant photosynthesis here on Earth. (E). A. 3. The specific type of fusion that occurs inside of the Sun is known as proton-proton fusion. Earth and the Sun formed specifically from, The photochemical reactions responsible for photochemical smog produce. 4). Sunspots are typically more common in higher latitudes of the Sun and will appear as dark, round patches. B) They are holes in the solar surface through which we can see through to deeper, darker layers of the Sun. A C. potassiumhas a lower ionizationenergy than sodium D. E) 4 H 1 He + energy. E) both B and D. Studies of sunquakes, or helioseismology, have revealed that D) The Sun was born with a supply of neutrinos that it gradually emits into space. B) because they have no mass 10. stars noticeably above the main sequence. composition, origin, evolution. What problem have observers of solar neutrinos run into? A) It predicted that the Sun would shrink noticeably as we watched it, but the Sun appears to be stable in size. As you approach the Sun, you will enter the corona, an extremely hot layer of gas, but so low in density that you won't really feel how hot it is. D. They are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. The cesium iodide (CsI) molecule has an atomic separation of 0.127 nm. Briefly describe why the fact that we detect neutrinos coming from the Sun supports the idea that the Sun generates energy by nuclear fusion. A) The Sun is generating much less energy than we think it is. structure, origin, evolution 31)Option - C is . Why does the surface of the Sun appear to have a sharp edge? B) The rate at which fusion occurs would increase, leading to an expansion of the core, which would in turn cause the temperature to drop back down. Therefore, scientists predict that neutrinos should come from the Sun if fusion is occurring in its core. c. Which of the following is not true of sunspots? B What happens to the missing matter? *a. A. Because they are moving rapidly away from the Sun and their, spectra Sunspots are most prevalent in an 11-year cycle; the number of sunspots peaks about every 11 years. hotter. All radio signals pass through this region virtually unaffected. The people living at 40 N or S experience about six-hours difference in daylength from winter to summer. sunspots are brighter than the rest of the 480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. A) 6 H becomes 1 He + energy. B) They actually are fairly bright but appear dark against the even brighter background of the surrounding Sun. A. Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding region of the Sun's surface. It results from chemical reactions with chlorine derived from CFCs. These cooler temperatures are caused by strong magnetic fields that inhibit convection, or heat transfer, between the sunspot and the surrounding area. And the cycle is 11 years, so in the next few years we'll be seeing more sunspots. D D) a thousand years ago. D) The cycle is truly a cycle of magnetic activity, and variations in the number of sunspots are only one manifestation of the cycle. Why? How can we measure the strength of magnetic fields on the Sun? The movement of electric charges causes magnetism. D) Energy is consumed in the convection zone by the creation of electrons and positrons. How long will the Sun have spent as a main sequence star when it. Select only one. This expansion cools the core back to its normal operating temperature. Sunspots also appear dark because they are composed primarily of dense, dark-colored photospheric and chromospheric material. C. It decreases to 1/4 its original magnitude. All the photons produced in the Sun's core have been absorbed by the outer edge of what region of the Sun? E) the winding of magnetic field lines due to the Sun's rotation, What observations characterize solar maximum? C) about one light year The stars of the Milky Way What is the common cause of sunspots, flares, and prominences? B. D) measuring Doppler shifts to observe solar vibrations the difference in amount of incoming shortwave and outgoing longwave radiation. C) variations of the solar thermostat We can measure the luminosity that the Sun is producing and therefore determine how much fusion must be going on in its core. A) There's no such thing as a solar neutrino. Most choices will fit grammatically and will even make sense logically, but you must choose the pair that best fits the idea of the sentence. which of the folloing statements about ionization energy is true? Sunspot activity is often observed and studied to gain important data about the Suns atmosphere and the local magnetic environment of the Solar system. Submarine canyons are deep valleys at passive continental boundaries. the nebula caused by the supernova explosion of a massive star. C) attract each other. Similarly if the solar core were to decrease in temperature, the nuclear fusion rate would plummet and gravity would overcome thermal pressure and contract the core. Along the way, changes in the Sun's magnetism produce a greater number of sunspots, more energy and cause solar eruptions of particles. radiation but only line emissions, like a low density, 18. D) 4 million tons Which of the following statements is NOT true for sunspots? 4) What two forces are balanced in what we call gravitational equilibrium? First you will feel the light pressure of particles from the solar wind. question (D). The training program for muscular endurance should not resemble the activity. Which of the following is not a method astronomers use to determine the physical conditions inside the Sun? A) It slowly works its way to the Sun's surface, where it escapes into space. Fusion of iron nuclei into heavier nuclei requires energy rather, than The neutrinos are about twice as energetic on average than is. an earthbound technique not used in modern satellites. E) none of the above. 9. Which of the following is an example of humans influencing solar energy or seasonality? It occurs in large amounts in the atmosphere relative to other gases, such as nitrogen and oxygen. Which of the following is not true of sunspots? Sunspots can have dramatic effects on the Earths space environment, including the generation of coronal mass ejections, solar flares, and other space weather phenomena. Space scientists study these to see how they perturb Earth's magnetic fields and affect satellites circling around Earth, but . The Sun is a relatively young star, near the beginning of its life. of energy generation within its core in which gravitational, collapse C) core, radiation zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona D) Nothing; this is an artist's rendering of the sun. Which of the following is NOT true about the differences between vector data model and, 26) Which of the following is a high-altitude cloud? A) The chromosphere is best observed with infrared telescopes and the corona is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes. C) small variations in the rate of nuclear energy generation in the solar interior The ozonosphere is critical to life because it? D What is the common cause of sunspots, flares, and prominences? Sunspots may also be caused by changes in the Suns rotation, which can cause its poles to move, creating changes in the magnetic field and sunspot activity. Why do sunspots appear dark in pictures of the Sun? The reaction of automobile exhaust and ultraviolet light Which of the following statements is not true about the planets so far discovered around other stars? D) By measuring Doppler shifts, we observe vibrations of the Sun's surface that are created deep within the Sun. impossible, because one cannot have cool stars above the main. Which of the following is true regarding day length? Muons are created by cosmic-ray collisions at an elevation h (as measured in Earth's frame of reference) above Earth's surface and travel downward with a constant speed of 0.990c. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. away D) radioactive elements such as uranium and plutonium. E) The Sun is generating energy other than by nuclear fusion. The Sun's average surface (photosphere) temperature is about C which of the following is not true of sunspots? D) Individual protons are joined into long chains of protons. A C) They are regions nearly devoid of gas. white dwarf, black hole, neutron star, b. What happens to the positron? They vary in number on an 11 year cycle. finally An ice storm breaks a transmission line and interrupts electric power to a town. As this question implies, safety precautions must be taken in the use of home generators and during power failures in general. B) observing X-ray images of the solar interior using satellites The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is a plot of. C) The Sun's core gradually expands with time, and this expansion means there is more room for energy to be generated and hence increases the Sun's luminosity. A) As the Sun was forming, nuclear fusion reactions in the shrinking clouds of gas slowly became stronger and stronger, until the Sun reached its current luminosity. 15. 13. Modelo A Mara (le-les) encantan las pelculas romnticas. These models make predictions about how bright and how big the Sun is, which we can then compare with observations. b. C C) elements in the Sun other than hydrogen and helium The embankment will be constructed in layers of 8 inch depth, loose measure then compacted to a dry unit weight of 114pcf at a moisture content of 18.3%. Once a year c. Every 2 years d. Every 11 years e. Every 10,000 years 4. B) corona Solar radiation arriving at Earth's atmosphere and surface is called, The uneven distribution of insolation by latitude is primarily a result of. diagram to shift slowly, 20. C. They can be larger in diameter than Earth. aims to reduce and eliminate all ozone depleting substances. While the atmosphere exerts pressure, it is a negligible amount. gravitational force between them? A) the Sun vibrates only on the surface. The Sun appears to have a cycle of about 11 years during which it waxes and wanes. D) 600 million tons C) The core would heat up, causing it to radiate so much energy that it would shrink even more. Which of the following is true of the ionosphere? a gas shell, the atmosphere of a red giant star, slowly expanding. How is the length of a star's lifetime related to the mass of the, *a. The ESSAY. Briefly describe what you will see as you descend. Solar activity causes the responses in the near-Earth space environment that produce changes in the radiation belts, so an understanding of how the Sun changes is directly relevant to space weather. The region principally absorbs gamma rays, X-rays, and interacts with the solar wind. B If the Sun suddenly stopped emitting neutrinos, what might we infer (after checking that our neutrino detectors were still operational)? A) The Sun's surface is boiling. E) The Sun does not emit neutrinos. In the late 1800s, Kelvin and Helmholtz suggested that the Sun stayed hot due to gravitational contraction. What is the surface temperature of the Sun? B) When a star contracts in size, gravitational potential energy is converted to thermal energy. C) Our understanding of fusion in the Sun suggested that neutrinos should be destroyed before they arrive at Earth, yet neutrinos were being detected. B) The chromosphere is the source of infrared light, and the corona is the source of ultraviolet light. Together, these two factors lead to sunspots appearing darker than the rest of the Sun. from a hot white dwarf, the core of the red giant. Thus, the observations that confirm this prediction support the theory. The Sun's surface seethes and churns with a bubbling pattern. As it contracted, its gravitational potential energy was converted to thermal energy. Sunspots can appear in pairs or in groups and usually have diameters that are from 4,000 km to 50,000 km in size. *a. It was imaged by the SOHO Observatory. C) 4 H becomes 1 He + energy. 1.A. What keeps the Sun's outer layers from continuing to fall inward in a gravitational collapse? Greenhouse gases are by far the largest contributor to modern global warming. prominences Briefly describe the phenomena of the sunspot cycle. C) the strong force ozone and VOCs. convective motion of gases in the upper portion of the Sun's, 24. Oceanic crust spreads at mid-ocean ridges, creating new crust and slowly enlarging the ocean basin.
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